美研究：疫情期間，美國醫護人員承受道德創傷與戰區士兵相似

<p style=”color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”><span>&nbsp;據《美國新聞與世界報導》5日消息，美國一項最新研究表明，新冠疫情期間，奮戰在一線的美國醫護人員所遭受的道德創傷與戰區士兵相似。醫護人員因不斷違反自己的道德標準感到難受，目前美國18%的醫護人員已經離職。</span></p>

<p style=”color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”><span><span>由於新冠病例激增、醫療資源短缺以及公眾對新冠疫苗的抵制情緒等，這場新冠疫情帶給醫護人員沉重的負擔。</span><span>這項最新研究著眼於醫護人員所遭受的&ldquo;道德創傷&rdquo;，指的是人們造成、目睹或未能阻止違反自己道德信仰行為時所承受的傷害。</span><span>道德創傷在十多年前首次被提出，多用於描述經歷過戰爭且傷痕累累的退伍軍人。</span></span></p>

<p style=”color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”>&ldquo;道德創傷與PTSD（創傷後應激障礙）不同。&rdquo;美國北卡羅來納州達勒姆杜克大學精神病學和行為科學副教授尼烏斯瑪（Jason Nieuwsma）說，&ldquo;它多表現為內疚、羞恥、失去身份的感覺。&rdquo;此前，大部分關於道德創傷的研究都集中在軍人身上。但在過去幾年裡，人們逐漸意識到醫生、護士和其它衛生工作者正在承受道德創傷。</p>

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<p style=”color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”><span><span>美媒指出，在新冠疫情期間，現有問題被放大，新問題不斷浮出水面。</span><span>比如醫務工作者自身安全因缺乏防護設備而得不到保障，或者不得不違心執行防疫政策，阻止病患家人探望垂死的親人。</span><span>尼烏斯瑪對比了醫務人員和退伍軍人承受道德創傷的數據，發現兩者指標極其類似。</span><span>多名醫護人員發聲稱，他們因違反了自己的道德標準感到十分難受。</span></span></p>

<p style=”color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”><span><span>研究指出，雖然長期影響還有待進一步觀察，但目前可見，美國18%的醫護人員已經離職，未來的解決方案也尚不明晰。</span><span>相關研究結果已發表在4月5日出版的《普通內科雜誌》上</span></span></p>